Django2 + MySQL 存储session 会话值

第一步：创建项目

第二步：创建应用

第三步：项目setting.py 配置

1、启用session记录中间件和注释cfsf 中间件

MIDDLEWARE = [ 
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware', 
    # 启用session 会话中间件 
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 
    # 禁用crsf 中间件 
    # 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware', 
]

2、启用session 存储应用

INSTALLED_APPS = [ 
    'django.contrib.admin', 
    'django.contrib.auth', 
    'django.contrib.contenttypes', 
    # 启用 sessio 数据库存储 
    'django.contrib.sessions', 
    'django.contrib.messages', 
    'django.contrib.staticfiles', 
]

3、数据库设置

DATABASES = { 
    'default': { 
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql', 
        'NAME': 'student', 
        'USER': 'root', 
        'PASSWORD': '123456', 
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1', 
        'PORT': '3306', 
        'OPTIONS': {'charset': 'utf8mb4'}, 
    } 
}

4、设置模板路径

TEMPLATES = [ 
    { 
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates', 
        # 绝对路径 模板文件配置 
        'DIRS': ['E:/python_workspace/djangosite/template'], 
        'APP_DIRS': True, 
        'OPTIONS': { 
            'context_processors': [ 
                'django.template.context_processors.debug', 
                'django.template.context_processors.request', 
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth', 
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages', 
            ], 
        }, 
    }, 
]

5、配置显示和时区选择

# 配置显示中文和时间区间 
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans' 
 
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai' 
 
USE_I18N = True 
 
USE_L10N = True 
 
USE_TZ = True

第四步：数据库数据同步，执行如下指令：

在终端Terminal 项目目录下执行数据表更新命令：

python manage.py makemigrations

python manage.py migrate

查看相关数据库是否生成：django_session表

第五步：编写应用视图函数和应用路由函数

/sessionapp/views.py

 
from django.shortcuts import render, render_to_response 
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect 
from django import forms 
 
 
class UserForm(forms.Form): 
    username = forms.CharField() 
    password = forms.CharField() 
 
 
# 用户登录 
def login(req): 
    if req.method == "POST": 
        uf = UserForm(req.POST) 
        if uf.is_valid(): 
            username = uf.cleaned_data['username'] 
            password = uf.cleaned_data['password'] 
            # 把获取表单的用户名传递给session对象 
            req.session['username'] = username 
            req.session['password'] = password 
 
            return HttpResponseRedirect('/sessionapp/index/') 
    else: 
        uf = UserForm() 
    return render_to_response('login.html', {'uf': uf}) 
 
 
# 登录之后跳转页 
def index(req): 
    username = req.session.get('username', 'anybody') 
    password = req.session.get('password', '') 
 
    return render_to_response('index.html', {'username': username}) 
 
 
# 注销动作 
def logout(req): 
    del req.session['username']  # 删除session 
    del req.session['password'] 
    return HttpResponse('logout ok!') 

/sessionapp/url.py

from django.conf.urls import url 
from . import views 
 
urlpatterns = [ 
    url(r'^login/$', views.login), 
    url(r'^index/$', views.index), 
    url(r'^logout/$', views.logout), 
] 

第六步：编写项目路由函数

/djangosite/url.py

"""djangosite URL Configuration 
 
The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see: 
    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/http/urls/ 
Examples: 
Function views 
    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views 
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home') 
Class-based views 
    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home 
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home') 
Including another URLconf 
    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path 
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls')) 
""" 
from django.contrib import admin 
from django.urls import path 
from django.conf.urls import include 
 
urlpatterns = [ 
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls), 
    path('sessionapp/', include('sessionapp.urls')), 
 
] 

第七步：编辑模板文件：

index.html

<div> 
   <h1>welcome {
  
   {username}}</h1> 
   <a href="/sessionapp/logout">logout</a> 
</div> 

login.html

<form method = 'post'> 
{
  
   {uf.as_p}} 
<input type="submit" value = "ok"/> 
</form> 

项目结构图：

django_session表记录：